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Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 24–40, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.3
Figure 1: SEM photos of (a) shark skin and (b) bird feather.
Figure 2: Computational models. a) Pipe flow model with transverse microgrooves. b) Concentric annulus flow m...
Figure 3: Influence of grid density on the viscous drag of the pipe flow.
Figure 4: Computational grids of the a) smooth pipeline and b) microgrooved pipeline.
Figure 5: Comparison of SST results with DNS results. a) Mean velocity distribution of the annulus flow. b) V...
Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the experimental setup.
Figure 7: Specimen. a) Scaled and b) grooved pipeline in a concentric annulus flow. c) Micromorphology of the...
Figure 8: Comparison of triplicate experimental results in an annulus flow.
Figure 9: Comparison of average pressure differences obtained from numerical simulations and experiments.
Figure 10: Effect of microgroove height on the drags in a) pipe flow and b) an annulus flow systems.
Figure 11: Effects of microgroove width on the drags in a) pipe flow and b) annulus flow systems.
Figure 12: Effect of microgroove distance on drags in a) pipe flow and b) annulus flow systems.
Figure 13: DRR obtained from different numerical tests versus velocity in a) pipe flow and b) annulus flow sys...
Figure 14: DRR and ratio of pressure drag to total drag versus Re in an annulus flow.
Figure 15: Influence of the flow rate on the DRR in an annulus flow.
Figure 16: Pressure distribution. a) Pressure contour near the groove. b) Pressure curve at the wall.
Figure 17: Wall shear stress of a smooth and a bionic pipeline.
Figure 18: Distribution of turbulent intensity along the radial direction.
Figure 19: Velocity contours and streamlines near the a) smooth and b) the bionic surface.
Figure 20: The profile of a droplet on the smooth and the bionic surface.